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Child poverty
Kosinová, Kamila ; Angelovská, Olga (advisor) ; Smidová, Michaela (referee)
Bachelor thesis "Child Poverty" deals with poverty of children in the Czech Republic compared to European Union. The theoretical part defines poverty conceptions, social exclusion and circle of poverty. It deals with types of measurements used for defining poverty threshold and crucial factors determining deprivation. Further it describes social transfers eliminating child poverty and the whole population. Second part deals with at- risk-of-poverty rate of children in the Czech Republic and the EU in past few years. Thesis describes impact of social transfers on eliminating child poverty. Thesis contains SWOT analysis of social policies reducing child poverty in the Czech Republic.
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Analyzing the Effectiveness of Social Policy with a Focus on Poverty in the Czech Republic in 2005-2017
Sladovník, Roman ; Lukášová, Tereza (advisor) ; Barák, Vladimír (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the effectiveness of social transfers in reducing income poverty and income inequality in the Czech Republic in the context of social reforms and the economic situation in 2005-2017. Efficiency in the thesis is the percentage reduction at risk of poverty rate by means of social transfers and old-age pensions, which is then compared with the correlation analysis with the corresponding social benefits to determine the dependence on these benefits for hypothesis testing. The hypothesis, The growth of poverty alleviation spending, decreasing their effectiveness, has not been confirmed, although the height of correlation coefficients between social welfare spending and the social transfers efficiency are in most cases low, signifying a nearly negligible degree of dependence and hence an increase in Social policy expenditure does not necessarily mean an increase in efficiency. The contribution of the thesis and its uniqueness lies in the chosen methodology, which examines the amount of expenditures on social policy areas according to the risk and needs with the effectiveness of the benefits primarily intended for the individuals belonging to these areas.
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Child poverty
Kosinová, Kamila ; Angelovská, Olga (advisor) ; Smidová, Michaela (referee)
Bachelor thesis "Child Poverty" deals with poverty of children in the Czech Republic compared to European Union. The theoretical part defines poverty conceptions, social exclusion and circle of poverty. It deals with types of measurements used for defining poverty threshold and crucial factors determining deprivation. Further it describes social transfers eliminating child poverty and the whole population. Second part deals with at- risk-of-poverty rate of children in the Czech Republic and the EU in past few years. Thesis describes impact of social transfers on eliminating child poverty. Thesis contains SWOT analysis of social policies reducing child poverty in the Czech Republic.
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Basic unconditional income in the Czech Republic
Zdeněk, Adam ; Lešetický, Ondřej (advisor) ; Votava, Libor (referee)
Aim of this thesis is to analyze the economic connotations of BUC implementation in Czech republic. It quantifies impact on State finance, Gross domestic product and typical families. For purposes of quantification there was developed economic model which follows the system dynamics principals and it enables to develop unlimited amount of scenarios.
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The analysis of mandatory expenditures in the Czech Republic in the period od 1993-2013
Svoboda, Radek ; Zeman, Karel (advisor) ; Vebrová, Ludmila (referee)
The goal of the thesis is to analyze structure and development of the mandatory expenditures in the Czech Republic in the period 1993-2013. The theoretical part deals with theories of public expenditures and public revenues in order to explain the importance of the mandatory expenditures in the scheme of Czech public finance. The second section of the theoretical part describes the features and legal framework with regard to the methodology of the Ministry of finance of the Czech Republic. The practical part of the thesis adopts the framework built in the theoretical part of the thesis. The most important expenditures are expenditures arising from law, which represent over 90 % of mandatory expenditures. The social transfers came into scrutiny because of special importance within this group of expenditures. The fastest growing expenditures within non-social transfers were debt-service expenditures caused by irresponsible fiscal policy of the government within the period. The other mandatory expenditures are divided into expenditures arising from other legal regulations, which are negligible, and into expenditures arising from treaties, which are very hard to cut down. The quasi-mandatory expenditures, involing defence spending and wages of employees of the public sector, were analysed in order to build up definition of mandatory expenditures in the broad sense, meaning sum of mandatory and quasi-mandatory expenditures. The last section of practical part of the thesis is devoted to comparing the development of the mandatory expenditures and mandatory expenditures in the broad sense with the development of important macroeconomic indicators, as GDP and inflation and total expenditures and revenues of the government budget. Mandatory expenditures and also mandatory expenditures in broad sense has grown during the whole period, the ratio to public revenues and public expenditures has grown, resulting in decrease of the fiscal democracy of the government and increase of the government debt.
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Income poverty in the Czech Republic and social transfer system effectiveness in its elimination in years 2005-2013
Kubelková, Karina ; Kotýnková, Magdalena (advisor) ; Krebs, Vojtěch (referee) ; Průša, Ladislav (referee) ; Kalmus, Jaromír (referee)
The dissertation deals with the issue of poverty in the Czech Republic, especially with its economic, political and historical context of development, theory and practice of its measurement and possible international comparability, both in scale and in terms of the effectiveness of social transfers system. The effectiveness is understood as reducing the extent of poverty represented by the at-risk-of-poverty rate used e.g. in Europe 2020 Strategy. The aim of the dissertation is to analyze the problem of income poverty and its development in the Czech Republic with a special focus on the effectiveness of the social transfers system in relation to reducing the extent of income poverty. The effectiveness is analyzed separately in case of social transfers as a whole, and in case of social transfers excluding old-age and survivors' pensions. The emphasis has been placed on international comparisons and on the poorest layers of the population represented by the study of the lower poverty lines than the standard one. Based on empirical analysis of survey data from the EU-SILC, it was disproved that the effectiveness of the Czech social transfers system was above average compared to the countries of the same welfare state model, the CEE region and the EU during the years 2005-2013. The Czech pension system plays a crucial role in the level of effectiveness of the social transfers system. The good position of the Czech Republic among the all three studied groups of countries in terms of effectiveness is maintained mainly thanks to its pension system.The current low level of poverty rate was achieved mainly thanks to the pre-crisis measures, respectively due to the specific timing of these measures package. The contribution of this dissertation consists in complex and systematized view of the income poverty in the Czech Republic, accompanied by the analysis of the effectiveness of the social transfer system. This analysis, owing to the time series (2005-2013), applied methods (methods of the European Commission vs. IZA method) and scope of the international comparison (welfare state model, CEE region and EU), has no similarity in the Czech scientific literature so far.
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Social Situation Sustainability at the Economic Crisis Time
Janák, Karel ; Bartošová, Jitka (advisor) ; Krejčová, Iva (referee)
The objective of my bachelor's work is the analysis of sustainability social situation of the population in the period of economic crisis. Therefore I will analyze the percentage of the population, that is threatened by the relative poverty, efficiency of social transfers and the related development of revenues and expenditures of the state budget in the monitored period. I will deal mainly with the development of mandatory expenditures in the state budget.
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Interactions of taxes and transfers in the Czech Republic
Látalová, Jana ; Krebs, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Klazar, Stanislav (referee)
The personal income taxes as well as individual welfare benefits are among the basic tools of redistribution in the Czech Republic. The diploma thesis concentrates on the qualification of the transfers realized with the help of these tools and the identification of the recipients of these transfers. The theoretical part of this work introduces both redistributing systems and analyzes possible tools of redistribution. The reader is introduced into the problems caused by both systems and also possible solutions. The systems have been dealt with separately so far. The final part of my work therefore brings among other things a different perspective on the change of the distribution of income before and after taxation and before and after receiving social transfers. Gini index and graphic representation of the effect of redistribution at the Lorenz curve are used here. The final part of my work also summarizes data on the income distribution in the Czech Republic and on the changes caused by the taxation or provision of social transfers.
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Mandatory expenditures and pension reform in the Czech Republic
Hes, Erik ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Szabová, Lucia (referee)
This thesis is devoted to an analysis of mandatory expenditures in the Czech Republic, their evolution, structure and quantification. During the past fifteen years, the mandatory expenditures more than tripled, and cause a serious fiscal problems. The main reason is the huge increase in social sphere expenditures in relation to domestic debt. The main attention is focused mostly on social transfers to the people, especially on pension benefits. Another part provides a description of current pension system and the main causes of the pension reform. It also contains a comparison of two basic ways of financing pensions, PAYG and FF systems. The final part is devoted to evaluation of government proposal for pension reform and its problems that go with it. The analysis is subject to capital system from perspective of profitability and fees at private pension funds.
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